What is a potential consequence of using anticholinergic agents in older adults?

Using anticholinergic agents in older adults can lead to heightened risks of falls and cognitive impairment due to the nature of these medications. Anticholinergics work by blocking the action of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter integral to many functions in the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system. This blockade can impair cognitive functions like memory and attention, which are especially vulnerable in older adults whose cognitive reserve may already be diminished.

Moreover, anticholinergic effects can lead to additional side effects such as dizziness, sedation, and confusion, all of which contribute to an increased risk of falls. Older adults often have multiple comorbidities and may already be on multiple medications, amplifying the potential for adverse interactions and side effects when anticholinergics are added to their regimen. Consequently, the use of anticholinergic agents in this population is approached with caution due to these significant risks.